A Relational database management system (RDBMS) is a database management system (DBMS) that is based on the relational model as introduced by E. F. Codd. Most popular commercial and open source databases currently in use are based on the relational model.
A short definition of an RDBMS may be a DBMS in which data is stored in the form of tables and the relationship among the data is also stored in the form of tables.
Historical usage of the term
E. F. Codd introduced the term in his seminal paper "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks", published in 1970. In this paper and later papers he defined what he meant by relational. One well-known definition of what constitutes a relational database system is Codd's 12 rules. However, many of the early implementations of the relational model did not conform to all of Codd's rules, so the term gradually came to describe a broader class of database systems. At a minimum, these systems:
• presented the data to the user as relations (a presentation in tabular form, i.e. as a collection of tables with each table consisting of a set of rows and columns, can satisfy this property)
• provided relational operators to manipulate the data in tabular form
The first systems that were relatively faithful implementations of the relational model were from the University of Michigan; Micro DBMS (1969) and from IBM UK Scientific Centre at Peterlee; IS1 (1970–72) and its followon PRTV (1973–79). The first system sold as an RDBMS was Multics Relational Data Store, first sold in 1978. Others have been Berkeley Ingres QUEL and IBM BS12.
The most popular definition of an RDBMS is a product that presents a view of data as a collection of rows and columns, even if it is not based strictly upon relational theory. By this definition, RDBMS products typically implement some but not all of Codd's 12 rules.
A second, theory-based school of thought argues that if a database does not implement all of Codd's rules (or the current understanding on the relational model, as expressed by Christopher J Date, Hugh Darwen and others), it is not relational. This view, shared by many theorists and other strict adherents to Codd's principles, would disqualify most DBMSs as not relational. For clarification, they often refer to some RDBMSs as Truly-Relational Database Management Systems (TRDBMS), naming others Pseudo-Relational Database Management Systems (PRDBMS).
Wednesday, November 12, 2008
Tuesday, October 21, 2008
Statistics of my blog
1. I have no visitor in my blog.
2. I have 4 article posted in my blog..
3. I have no comments.
4. I have a adsense but I have no earned in my google adsense.
5. The SEO after typing tayabas is on Page 1 then it ranks 10th..
2. I have 4 article posted in my blog..
3. I have no comments.
4. I have a adsense but I have no earned in my google adsense.
5. The SEO after typing tayabas is on Page 1 then it ranks 10th..
Friday, October 10, 2008
Tayabas City
Tayabas city is 12 kilometres from the city of Lucena. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 70,985 people in 15,155 households. Tayabas is known for lambanog (coconut wine) and sweet food/delicacies, as well as resorts. The Tayabas is also knowm as the factory of different candies, budin, nilupak and the lambanog.In the Tayabas there were many swimming pools like Nawawalang Paraiso, Graceland, Mainit HotSpring and many more. There were the old church know as the San Miguel Archangel Minor Basilica. And the most known Restaurant the Kamayan sa Palaisdaan, Palaisdaan-Old.
Thursday, October 9, 2008
Risk Management
Some risk to how to mend a broken heart..
- Give yourself permission to mourn. Call in sick at work, sleep all day, eat too much ice cream, sob.
- Develop and repeat a helpful mantra to get you through the initial shock and pain, such as "This too shall pass" or "I will survive."
- Reach out to a close friend or family member. Watch a movie to distract yourself. Choose a comedy that has cheered you up in the past. Or watch a movie that's guaranteed to make you sob--it may surprise you how good that feels.
- Go out of town for the weekend to distance yourself from the temptation to call your ex. Visit an old friend or go back home to your roots. A change of environment does wonders for the spirit. Put everything that reminds you of your ex in a box and seal it. Throw it away, donate it to charity or ask a friend to hold on to it indefinitely.
- Surround yourself with friends. This may mean reaching out to people you fell out of touch with during the relationship. Make lists to help you regain your confidence and identity: a list of your friends, of things you like, of what you want to accomplish in the next decade. Resist the urge to call your ex.
- Assess the experience. Begin an activity that will fill your time, distract your mind and rebuild your confidence. Train for a marathon, take up yoga or learn a new language. Resist the urge to call your ex. Volunteer your time at a local homeless shelter, soup kitchen or tutoring center. It will take your mind off your own woes and keep your suffering in perspective.
- Continue regular socializing and exercising. While socializing, though, make sure you don't depend on alcohol or drugs to dull the pain. Call your ex if you feel it would be helpful. Resist if you merely want to say hurtful things. Consider dating other people, but be wary of rebound relationships. Understand that you will need to experience and process sadness, anger, guilt and fear to fully heal. Write, cry, share the feelings with friends.
- Force yourself to go on dates. You'll be surprised to discover that your heart can still flutter over someone. It's part of the healing process.
- Consult a psychiatrist if you are experiencing symptoms of depression, such as lack of appetite, insomnia or too much sleeping, low self-esteem, and an inability to concentrate or carry out routine tasks.
- Remember that healing is a process that takes time. Expect waves of sadness, anger, guilt or fear even after you think you are over it.
- Compartmentalize the experience in your memory: "My heart was broken once. It really hurt and I'm glad it's over."
- Reach out to your ex if you want to re-establish a friendship. Do not harbor secret ambitions of winning him or her back. You'll only set yourself up for another heartbreak.
Friday, September 26, 2008
project management
How to Mend a Broken Heart
People may say no one ever died of a broken heart, but when you're suffering from one, it sure doesn't feel that way at least initially. These suggestions may help you navigate the painfully troubled waters of a relationship that has ended and help you heal a broken heart.
People may say no one ever died of a broken heart, but when you're suffering from one, it sure doesn't feel that way at least initially. These suggestions may help you navigate the painfully troubled waters of a relationship that has ended and help you heal a broken heart.
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